Bungie has clarified the status of the emblems in Destiny after patch 2.0.
To make a long story short, no, you didn’t earn those new emblems yet. These emblems are under The Taken King, and so finishing the new sub class Quests is not enough. Once The Taken King launches on September 15, gamers will be able to follow some more steps to earn those emblems.
Patch 2.0 did come with a few bugs, but Bungie has thankfully identified them. You can read the details verbatim below:
• Some players are able to access Emblems and Shaders from the Weapons Pack, SUROS Arsenal Pack and Collector’s Edition Exotic Guardian Class Items before 9/15/2015. All items will be made available to eligible players on 9/15/2015. We apologize for any inconvenience or confusion that may have been caused.
• We’re aware of an issue where Patrols, Faction-specific Quests, and Strikes from the Vanguard Legacy Playlist are not granting the expected rewards upon completion. These rewards will be granted as expected for these activities starting on 9/15/2015. Patrols completed before this time will not retroactively grant rewards. Faction-specific Quests will be able to be completed at a later date.
• We’re aware of an issue where players may experience a Destiny application crash/freeze when multiple status effects are active. We’re actively investigating this matter.
• Xbox One players who have purchased The Taken King Collector’s Edition Upgrade via the in-game prompt are unable to install the added content at this time. We’re aware of this matter and are actively investigating.